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India has formally entered the Digital Personal Data Protection (DPDP) era with the Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023 now in force and the DPDP Rules, 2025 duly notified. Together, they establish a comprehensive statutory framework governing how digital personal data must be collected, processed, stored, and protected.

This article examines the emerging legal battle between Amazon and Perplexity, triggered by Comet’s agentic shopping feature that allows users to describe their needs and delegate the entire purchasing journey to AI. Amazon has alleged that such autonomous activity violates its terms of use and constitutes unauthorised access under U.S. computer fraud laws, citing cybersecurity and user-safety concerns. Perplexity, however, characterises Comet as a lawful “user agent,” acting

The article weighs the thought that over-regulation could stifle AI innovation, while under-regulation risks eroding privacy and public trust. Striking the right balance will define how responsibly and competitively India harnesses the power of artificial intelligence in the years ahead.

In a significant development shaping competition enforcement in India, the Supreme Court recently delivered a detailed ruling in the case of CCI v. Schott Glass India Pvt. Ltd. This ruling solidifies the effects analysis principle within the framework of the Competition Act. It emphasizes the importance of a demonstrable objective justification in balancing commercial rationale with proven harm.

In 2024, the Indian antitrust regulator (CCI) had taken proactive stance on safeguarding market competition, issuing 11 prima facie orders and imposing penalties of INR 213.14 crore in total. Key developments include judicial recognition of private settlements, though legislative clarity is still awaited.